ABSTRACT
During the period of 10 years from April 1997 to March 2007, a total of 905 cases of obstructive urolithiasis were recorded, which constituted a hospital incidence of 6.05%. The year wise hospital incidence of urolithiasis showed an increase in recent years. Maximum incidence was recorded in caprine, followed in decreasing order by buffaloes, cattle and canine. The affected goats and buffaloes were male animals of non-descript and mixed breeds. Among dogs, maximum incidence of urolithiasis was recorded in Spitz/Samoyed (39%) followed by non-descript dogs (19%). The goats and buffaloes of young age were more commonly affected than the older animals of these species. Among the cattle the affected animals were either the calves of 0-6 months of age or the adult bullock above 3 years of age. Among dogs, maximum number of cases was recorded in the age group of 3-7. Maximum number of cases of urolithiasis in ruminants was recorded in winter season or peak summer. Complete obstruction was recorded in 90.57% buffalo calves, 75.44% goats and 55.26% dogs. However, in cattle more number of animals had partial obstruction than complete obstruction (43.33%). Rupture of urinary bladder was recorded in 13.93% goats, 41.33% buffalo calves and 40% bullock. Even in dogs 6.52% cases were brought with rupture of the bladder. It was concluded that the occurrence of obstructive urolithiasis has increased during recent past. Young goats and buffalo calves maintained on concentrate rich diet in winter season are mainly affected and thus need special attention. Early presentation of the case to clinic may minimize the chances of rupture of the bladder and subsequent fatal complications.

Key Words: Domestic animals; Obstructive urolithiasis; Prevalence