Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Research Article
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 1 (2): 59 - 64
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Pwaveno Huladeino Bamaiyi1*, Augustine Tochukwu Aniesona2,3
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri. Nigeria; 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Maiduguri. Nigeria; 3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri. Nigeria
*Corresponding author: phbamaiyi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus from Bovine and Ovine species in Maiduguri metropolis. Two hundred and eighty one (n =281) clinical and non-clinical swab samples from Bovine (n=133) and Ovine (n=148) species were collected; the samples were screened for incidence of Staphylococcus aureus and susceptibility of the isolates to various antimicrobial agents using standard procedures. Eighty two (61.7%) of the Bovine and 91 (61.5%) of the Ovine samples were S. aureus positive. The isolates were further tested for haemolysin production and subjected to antibiotic sensitivity tests against 16 antibiotics representing various classes of antimicrobial agents, 10 antibiogroups (Groups A – K) were obtained and the antimicrobial resistance index (MARI) showed that as high as 86.1% (149/173) of the screened isolated pathogens had MARI above 0.2 (> 0.2). The haemolysin tests showed 34.1% of the isolates to be alpha-haemolytic. The MARI value is an indication of misuse or abuse and the haemolysin test results suggests a possibility of cross-species infections or acquisition of mobile genetic elements from other sources by the pathogens. There is widespread misuse of antimicrobials and signs of resistance development by the pathogen in Maiduguri, Nigeria. The use of antibiotics should be regulated to arrest this development and such regulation should be enforced by appropriate authority.

Key Words: Staphylococcus aureus, Bovine, Ovine, Antimicrobial agents, Resistance, Maiduguri