Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Research Article
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2 (1S): 17 - 22. Special Issue-1 (Infectious Diseases of Animals and Global Health)
http://dx.doi.org/10.14737/journal.aavs/2014/2.1s.17.22
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Shoor Vir Singh1*, Saurabh Gupta1, Kundan Kumar Chaubey1, Naveen Kumar1, Krishna Dutta Rawat1, Ruchi Tiwari2, Kuldeep Dhama3
1Microbiology Laboratory, Animal Health Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats, PO– Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go–Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India; 3Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
*Corresponding author: shoorvir.singh@gmail.com; shoorvir_singh@rediffmail.com

ABSTRACT
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection is most prevalent disease in Indian domestic livestock. Dose rates evaluation studies of ‘indigenous vaccine’ against Johne’s disease (JD) were conducted in naturally infected goats. Adult female goats (29) of Barbari breed (>1.5 years) poor in body condition and suffering with clinical JD were randomly divided into four groups; Goats in group I (n=6) were given 1 mL of plane adjuvant (Gerbu Biotechnik, Germany) used in the vaccine preparation, Group II (n=7) and group III (n=8) goats were vaccinated with 2.5 mg/ml/goat and 5.0 mg/ml/goat dose rates of indigenous JD vaccine, respectively, Group IV (Control, n=8) goats were given 1 ml of PBS. Vaccinated goats were monitored for overall improvements on the basis of health (morbidity), mortality, production (body weights, reproductive efficiency), physical and clinical conditions (weakness, diarrhea, skin coat, deposition of fat in visceral organs), immunological parameters (ELISA titer) and status of shedding of MAP bacilli in feces. Average of body weights gained within one year of vaccination in four groups statistically passed normality test (P value >0.1) and vaccinated goats gained higher body weights as compared to adjuvant (Group I) and control (Group IV) groups. At 360 dpv, goats in group II (2.5 mg/ml) showed higher titer of antibodies as compared to group III (5.0 mg/ml), while it varied in control group (IV). After vaccination clinical condition of goats improved (diarrhea stopped, regeneration of hairs, body coat regained luster). Kids born to vaccinated goats had higher birth weights. Comparative evaluation of two dose rates on above parameters showed that group II goats gained higher body weights (3.10±0.52 kg) and their physical conditions also improved in comparision to group III. Dose rate of 2.5 mg/ml/goat exhibited higher efficiency against JD than 5.0 mg/ml/goat. Therefore, under optimum nutritional conditions, 2.5 mg/ml/goat dose of native vaccine was optimum for the control of JD in goats endemically infected with MAP.

Key Words: Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, Indigenous vaccine, Dose rate, Naturally infected goats