Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Research Article
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 9(10): 1745-1756
Http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2021/9.10.1745.1756
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Doaa Mohammed1*, Hanan Mahmoud2, Osama Ahmed3, Hamada Mahmoud4, Hanaa Fahim3, Heba Ahmed5

1Potable Water and Sanitation Company, Beni-Suef, Egypt; 2Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; 3Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; 4Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, American University, Cairo, Egypt; 5Harmful Animals Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.

Abstract | This study aims to assess the efficiency of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract as a natural coagulant in comparison with aluminum sulphate (alum) as a chemical coagulant and its effects on the liver of male albino rats. The animals were divided into 9 groups that were provided with 10% stock alum solution and 3 concentrations (2%, 5% and 10%) of aqueous Moringa oleifera seed extract as drinking water ad libitum for 2 periods 1 month and 2 months. Activities of various enzymes related to the liver including ALT, AST, ALP and LDH as well as albumin levels and total bilirubin concentration were investigated. Changes in liver oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system (LPO activity, liver GSH content, SOD, peroxidase (GPx) and transferase (GST) activities) were examined. Effect on mRNA gene expressions of P53, Bcl-2, TNF-α and IL-4 were tested. The most potent effect is 10% Moringa oleifera that causes a highly significant change in the second month in most parameters. The previous results indicated that aluminum (Al) is not a transition metal and cannot start per-oxidation. In conclusion, we found that long-term exposure of aqueous Moringa oleifera seed extract (MOSE) at 10% stock induces the accumulation of destructive phytocompounds. M. oleifera proved to be an effective water coagulating and antimicrobial agent for water purification, but the long-term treatment can produce harmful phytocompounds and induce stress on the cell.

Keywords | Natural coagulant, Seed extract, Antioxidant, Phytocompounds, Oxidation