South Asian Journal of Life Sciences

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SAJLS_MH20151012071000_Atta ullah et al

 

 

Research Article

 

A Check List of Angiospermic Plants of Sheikh Buddin National Park, District Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

 

Attaullah*, Nasrullah Khan, Zahid Muhammad

Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir (lower), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

 

Abstract | Exploration of regional flora provide base for conservation management, taxonomy and ethnobotany. In addition, Diverse ecosystems are habitat rich and highly productive. Determining species diversity and exploration, we conducted the taxonomical survey and collected information’s about the floristic composition of Sheikh Buddin National Park (SBNP). As a result 117 plant species belonged to 99 genera and 52 families were collected, preserved, identified, and deposited as voucher specimens in the Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Botany, University of Malakand. Among these monocots were represented by 17 species under 15 genera and 6 families, while Dicots were represented by 100 species belonging to 84 genera’s and 46 families. The data obtained from the survey revealed that Poaceae and Lamiaceae having 9 plant species (each), followed by Asteraceae with 7 species, Apocynaceae and Fabaceae with 6 plants species each while Mimosaceae and Solanaceae with 5 species were the dominant families. Among tree strata Acacia modesta, Olea ferruginea and Capparis decidua, in shrub stratum Prosopis juliflora, Dodonea viscosa, Echinops echinatus while among herbs Cymbopogon jawarncusa, Cynodon dactylon, Peganum harmala were common abundant species of the study area. Throughout study area ground flora was common with scattered shrubs. Studied flora reflect xerophytic nature.

 

Keywords | Floristic diversity, Dominant Species, Sheikh Buddin National Park, Dera Ismael Khan, Pakistan

 

Editor | Muhammad Nauman Zahid, Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Received | October 13, 2015; Accepted | May 22, 2016; Published | June 15, 2016

*Correspondence | Attaullah , Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir (lower), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Email: Attawazir71@yahoo.com

Citation | Attaullah, Khan N, Muhammad Z (2016). A check list of angiospermic plants of Sheikh Buddin National Park, District Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. S. Asian J. Life Sci. 4(1): 18-24.

DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.14737/journal.sajls/2016/4.1.18.24

ISSN | 2311–0589

Copyright © 2016 Attaullah et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

 

Introduction

 

An area which is set aside by the national government for the protection of natural environment is known as a national park. According to the World Conservation Union it is a natural area selected in order to protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems for the present and upcoming generation (Ahmad and Ann, 2011). For the conservation of biodiversity, educational, historical recreational purposes the protected areas are most important in many ways. Overall all there are 102102 protected areas in the world which covers 18.8 million km2 of the earth (Datar and Lakshminarasimhan, 2013).

 

In Pakistan there are 26 national parks covering about 3% area of the country. The largest one is that Central Karakoram National Park, while Toli Pir (1000 acre area) is the smallest national park of Pakistan. Sheikh Buddin National Park is one of them, situated in the Dera Ismail Khan District, which is the southernmost district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. It is believed that Hazrat Sheikh Bahauddin Zakariya, the great Sufi saint of Multan has traveled to this town to preach Islam, while others believed that the hill got the name Sheikh Bahauddin after Pir Sheikh Bahauddin, whose tomb is on the top of the hill, his offspring’s are still living here and are locally known as Pirs of Sheikh Badin., which later on shortened to Sheikh Buddin. The park spreads over an area of 15540 hectare and was upgraded to the category of National Park (NP) for the aims of conserving its biodiversity, beautiful

 

 

sceneries and history as well as educational and recreational tenacities as a result of notification number . Forest 1 (FFT) VIII. Peshawar, Dated 15.07.1993 (Zahoor, 2010).

 

In Pakistan there are 5521 recorded species of angiosperms belonging to 1572 genera, mostly present in the hilly areas of the country (Khan et al., 2011; Ali and Qaiser, 1986).

 

Arshad et al. (2013) collected 88 plant species from Chitral Goal National Park in their report about assessing potential habitats of Kashmir Markhor in Chitral Gol National park. They use multivariate techniques and divide the Park in 1V communities. Similarly, Hussain et al. (2013) explored the vegetation structure and dynamics of the vegetation in Central Karakoram National Park. Qureshi et al. (2011) reported 62 plant species from Khunjerab National Park, in which the most important family was Primulaceae which contributed 11.29% of the total flora. Khan et al. (2011) documented 31 species belonging to 21 families along with their medicinal uses from Chitral Gol National Park. Hussain and Parveen (2009) documented 70 plant species describing their life form and phonological characters from Kirthar range. From the Dureji game reserve of Balochistan Province Perveen et al. (2008) recorded 79 plant species belonged to 66 genera’s and 32 families, in which family Poaceae was the dominant family with 12 plant species. They also reported that the Chaemophytes were the most dominant class of life form in the study area followed by Phanerophytes. Similarly research was conducted on 6 most prominently underutilized plant species and their medicinal and food uses were studied in Ayubia National Park by Ahmad and Jawed (2007). While, Hameed et al. (2002) described the vegetation of Lal Suhnra National Park and reported 56 plant species belonging to 20 families of which Poaceae was the largest family with 19 grass species. A phytosociological survey of the vegetation in Machyara National Park was described by Malik and Zandiyal (1996). To date no published report is about the flora of Sheikh Buddin National Park, so this was the first attempt to provide a check list of angiosperm plants of the study area and this will provide necessary information’s for the future researches. The aim of the present study was to explore the vegetation of Sheikh Buddin National Park.

 

Materials and Methods

 

The Sheikh Buddin National Park is situated in the Dera Ismail Khan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa spanning between 32º16” to 32º34” N latitudes and 70°45” to 71º12” E longitudes with an altitudinal range of 300-1350 m above sea level Marwat et al. (2012a) (Figure 1) . The area is highly diversified not only in mineral resources but also hub to biodiversity to micro-climatic regimes. Geographically the study area is situated in such a way that its boundaries touches the South Wazirestan Agency on the west; the districts of Tank and Lakki Marwat on the north, river Indus, Mian Wali and Bhakkar of Punjab in the east and Dera Ghazi Khan of Punjab province in the south Marwat and Khan (2008). The area has distinct summer and winter seasons. The climatic conditions of the area reveal that January (12ºC) is the coldest and June (35ºC) is the hottest months of the year, respectively. During winter the mean maximum and minimum temperature are 20.3°C and 4.2°C respectively, while 35°C and 22°C during summer. Average annual rainfall is 200 mm (Marwat et al., 2012b), while total rainfall during study period was 276mm (Figure 2).

 

 

Due to these harsh and xeric conditions the study site provide a well substratum to xerophytes communities, developing as subtropical dry ecosystem (Champion et al., 1965). Dominant species of the area are Acacia modesta, Prosopis juliflora, Olea ferruginea, Capparis decidua, Tamarax aphla Dodonea viscosa, Saccharum species and Cymbpogon species (Zahoor et al., 2009).

 

The present check list of angiosperms of Sheikh Buddin National Park is a result of various field collections and as a laboratory work from March 2013 to April 2014. For the collection and identification of living, wild and cultivated Angiospermic species, monthly field trips were arranged. The Park enclosures was thoroughly surveyed and photograph of various plant species were taken with the help of a digital camera and live plants were collected, pressed on, dried and preserved with their full morphological structure (roots, stem, leaves, flowers and fruits) on the herbarium sheet following the standard techniques of (Decoteau and Kelly, 1985; Bean, 2013). Field information such as habit, flower color and flowering season along with their local names (Pashto names) were collected from the local knowledgeable peoples.

 

The species were identified with the help of available literature and flora of Pakistan (Ali and Qaiser, 1995-2008) and were confirmed by comparing with authentic specimens available and deposited at the botanical garden Herbarium Deportment of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir lower, Pakistan. In addition specimens which were collected from other national parks and tropical forests were also studied. Genera were arranged in alphabetical order.

 

Results and Discussion

 

Intensive and Extensive tours in various seasons and ecosystem resulted in collection of 117 plant species belonging to 99 genera from the Sheikh Buddin National Park. These plants species belong to 51 families in which 6 (11.76%) were monocots, one gymnosperm while rest of the families (86.27%) were dicots as shown in Table 1 (given at the end).

 

 

The flora of the study area was dominated by the members of Poaceae and Lamiaceae contributed 7.75% by each one followed by Asteraceae 6%, Apocyanaceae and Fabaceae 5.17% each, Mimosaceae and Solanaceae with 4.31% each one. While rest of the families showed poor floristic composition of the National Park as shown in Figure 3. Majority (60%) of the families were monospecific. Floral abundance show that majority of the species were found in abundant categories (Figure 4).

 

 

Among the monocots the family Poaceae had 9 species and 7 generas, liliaceae, Arecaceae and Asparagaceae each one were represented by 2 species while rest of the families (asphodelaceae and cyperaceae) were represented by 1 species. In Dicots the Lamiaceae was the largest family including 9 species followed by Asteraceae with 7 species and 6 generas, Fabaceae and apocyanaceae were the 3rd leading families of dicots representing 6 species, While Mimosaceae and solanaceae were the 4th largest families with 5 plant species and 3 generas of each one. Other well represented families were Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Zygophylaceae with 3 specie each. The remaining 30 families were represented by one species each indicating that these families have poor floristic representation in the overall vegetation of the National Park.

 

Among the 117 species 28 were trees, 22 shrubs and 67 were herbs. Among trees Acacia modesta, Olea ferruginea, Salvadora oleoides, in shrubs Prosopis juliflora, Dodonea viscosa and Rhazya stricta, while among herbs Cymbopogon species, Saccharum bengalense and Cynodon dactylon , Peganum harmala were dominant species. Table 1 also shows that there were 47 abundant species, 29 frequent while 40 species were rare. Most of the abundant species were herbs and some shrubs, while most of the shrubs and some trees were frequently distributed whereas few of the trees and herbs were rare in the National Park. Among the trees Acacia modesta, Olea ferruginea were abundant and frequently occuring species. In shrubs the most abundant species were Prosopis julifora at low altitude and Dodonea viscosa at high altitude while in herbs grasses were dominated in the entire study area.

 

 

Aerva javanica, Rhazya stricta, Echinops echinatus, Launaea procumbens, Calotropis procera, Periploca aphylla, Euphorbia prostrate, Acacia nilotica, Alhagi maurorum, Ziziphus nummularia, Salvadora oleoides, Solanum surattense, Tamarix dioica and Tamarix aphylla etc., were recorded by Perveen et al. (2008) Dureji (Khirthar Range) while all of the above mentioned species were recorded by us from the Sheikh Buddin National Park. Sophora mollis, Rumex hastatus, Filago hardwerica, Purtulaca oleracae, Chenopodium album and Convulvus arvensis, were collected by Arshad et al. (2013) from Chitral Gol National Park and all of these plants species were also found in the study area.

 

Figure 5 shows the class-wise and habit wise distribution of the species in Sheikh Baddin National Park. It is clear from Figure 5 that the contribution of herbs was more than trees and shrubs, similarly the floristic composition of trees was more than that of shrubs. Figure 5 also indicated the distribution of monocots is higher than that of dicots in the Park.

 

Conclusion

 

The study area face sever biotic and abiotic pressure, due to which diversity and composition of natural flora being vanishing. If proper management, care and protection were not taken, the area would become a barren area in near decades. This loss will not only effect climate but also, socioeconomic level of the area.

 

Conflict of Interest

 

Authors declare that their is no conflict of interest in this work.

 

Authors’ Contribution

 

Nasrullah Khan designed the project, Atta Ullah collected field data and prepared early draft of manuscript while Zahid Muhammad help in field work, preparing and designing the manuscript and figures.

 

References

 

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  •  

    Table 1: Showing Binomial, Habit, Local name, Family and Population of plant species in SBNP

    S No.

    Binomial

    H

    Local name

    Family

    P

    V No.

    1

    Acacia modesta Wall.

    T

    Palosa

    Mimosaceae

    A

    5319

    2

    Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd.ex Delile.

    T

    Kikar

    Mimosaceae

    F

    5320

    3

    Aerva javanica (Burm.f.) juss. Ex Schult

    H

    Speraie

    Amaranthaceae

    A

    5321

    4

    Agave sisalana Perrine ex Engelm.

    S

    Kharwazh

    Asparagaceae

    R

    5322

    5

    Alianthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle.

    T

    Bakanra

    Simaroubaceae

    R

    5323

    6

    Albizia lebback (L.) Benth

    T

    Srine

    Mimosaaceae

    R

    5324

    7

    Alhagi maurorum Medik.

    H

    Thundan

    Fabaceae

    F

    5325

    8

    Allium griffithianum Boiss, Diagn.

    H

    Khakol

    Liliaceae

    F

    5326

    9

    Aloe vera L.

    H

    Khar ghawzh

    Liliaceae

    A

    5327

    10

    Amaranthus viridis L.

    H

    Ranzaqa

    Amaranthaceae

    A

    5328

    11

    Anagallis arvensis L.

    H

    Shin gull

    Primulaceae

    A

    5329

    12

    Aristida adscensionis L.

    H

    Bambasaie

    Poaceae

    A

    5330

    13

    Asparagus capitatus Baker.

    H

    Unknown

    Asparagaceae

    A

    5331

    14

    Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav.

    H

    Piazi

    Asphodelaceae

    F

    5332

    15

    Astragalus hamosus L.

    H

    Unknown

    Fabaceae

    A

    5333

    16

    Boerhavia procumbens Banks ex Roxb.

    H

    Unknown

    Nyctaginaceae

    F

    5334

    17

    Bromus japonicus Houtt.

    H

    Unknown

    Poaceae

    F

    5335

    18

    Calligonum polygonoides L.

    S

    Balanza

    Polygonaceae

    R

    5336

    19

    Calotropis procera (Ait) W.T. Aiton.

    S

    Spalmaka

    Asclepiadaceae

    A

    6337

    20

    Cannabis sativa L.

    H

    Bang

    Cannabanaceae

    R

    5338

    21

    Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Pax

    T

    Kirra

    Capparidaceae

    R

    5339

    22

    Caralluma edulis (Edgew.) Benth

    H

    Pamanaye

    Apocynaceae

    R

    5340

    23

    Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieb

    H

    Kareza

    Asteraceae

    R

    5341

    24

    Cecnhrus ciliaris L.

    H

    Bambasaie

    Poaceae

    A

    5342

    25

    Chenopodium album L.

    H

    Surmaie

    Chenopodiaceae

    F

    5343

    26

    Chenopodium murale L.

    H

    Surmaie

    Chenopodiaceae

    F

    5344

    27

    Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Juss.

    H

    Unknown

    Euphorbiaceae

    F

    5345

    28

    Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad.

    H

    Ghata maraghoniye

    Cucurbitaceae

    A

    5346

    29

    Convolvulus arvensis L.

    H

    Parwathyie

    Convolvulaceae

    F

    5347

    30

    Conyza stricta Willd.

    H

    Unknown

    Asteraceae

    A

    5348

    31

    Cordia myxa L.

    T

    Lasora

    Boraginaceae

    R

    5349

    32

    Cotoneaster nummularia Fischer and C.A.Meyer.

    S

    Mamanra

    Rosaceae

    R

    5350

    33

    Cymbopogon distans (Nees ex Steud.) Will. Watson.

    H

    Sargaraie

    Poaceae

    A

    5351

    34

    Cymbopogon jawarncusa (Jones) Schult.

    H

    Sargaraie

    Poaceae

    A

    5352

    35

    Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

    H

    Drab, Barawa

    Poaceae

    A

    5353

    36

    Cyperus rotundus L

    H

    Dila (Sedge)

    Cyperaceae

    F

    5354

    37

    Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Ex DC.

    T

    Shawa

    Fabaceae

    R

    5355

    38

    Datura metel L.

    S

    Barbaka

    Solanaceae

    F

    5356

    39

    Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.

    S

    Shamshad

    Sapindiceae

    A

    5357

    40

    Echinops echinatus Roxb.

    S

    A ghra barbaka

    Asteraceae

    A

    5358

    41

    Ehretia obtusifolia Hochst. ex A. DC.

    S

    Karaghonaie

    Boraginaceae

    F

    5359

    42

    Eragrostis minor Host.

    H

    Baterey khwar

    Poaceae

    A

    5360

    43

    Erodium cicutarium (L.) L Her. ex Aiton.

    H

    Unknown

    Geraniaceae

    F

    5361

    44

    Eruca sativa Mill.

    H

    Thrikh weiraie

    Brassicaceae

    F

    5362

    45

    Eucalyptus lanceolatus Honey.

    T

    Lachaie

    Myrtaceae

    R

    5363

    46

    Euphorbia helioscopia L.

    H

    Unknown

    Euphorbiaceae

    A

    5364

    47

    Euphorbia prostrata Aiton.

    H

    Thora kunda

    Euphorbiaceae

    A

    5365

    48

    Fagonia indica Burm. f.

    H

    Spelaghzaie

    Zygophyllaceae

    F

    5366

    49

    Farsetia jacquemontii Hook. f. & Thomson.

    H

    Melangaie

    Brassicaceae

    A

    5367

    50

    Ficus carica L.

    T

    Anjir(thughan)

    Moraceae

    R

    5368

    51

    Ficus palmata Forssk.

    T

    Jngli anjir

    Moraceae

    R

    5369

    52

    Filago hurdwarica (Wall. ex DC.) Wagenitz.

    H

    Unknown

    Asteraceae

    A

    5370

    53

    Grewia optiva Drumm. ex Burret.

    T

    Pasthawonaie

    Tilaceae

    R

    5371

    54

    Gymnosporia royleana Wall. Ex Lawson

    S

    Soor azghey

    Celastraceae

    A

    5372

    55

    Heliotropium strigosum Willd.

    H

    Unknown

    Boraginaceae

    A

    5373

    56

    Isodon rugosus (Wall. ex Benth.) Codd.

    H

    Unknown

    Lamiacee

    F

    5374

    57

    Kickxia incana (Wall.) Pennel.

    H

    Unknown

    Scrophulariaceae

    F

    5375

    58

    Kickxia ramosissima (Wall.) Janch.

    H

    Unknown

    Scrophulariaceae

    F

    5376

    59

    Lallemantia royleana (Benth.) Benth.

    H

    Unknown

    Lamiaceae

    A

    5377

    60

    Launaea nudicaulis (L.) Hook.f

    H

    Parwathaie

    Asteraceae

    A

    5378

    61

    Launaea procumbens (Roxb.) Ram. & Raj.

    H

    Parwathaie

    Asteraceae

    A

    5379

    62

    Marrubium vulgare

    H

    Khar botaie

    Meliaceae

    A

    5380

    63

    Malva parviflora L.

    H

    Unknown

    Malvaceae

    A

    5381

    64

    Maytenus royleanus (Wall. ex Lawson).

    S

    Jiral

    Celastraceae

    F

    5382

    65

    Melia azedarach L.

    T

    Angrezi bakanra

    Meliaceae

    R

    5383

    66

    Mentha longifolia L.

    H

    Welanaie

    Lamiaceae

    R

    5384

    67

    Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.

    T

    Gurgura

    Sapotaceae

    R

    5385

    68

    Morus alba L.

    T

    Spin thooth

    Moraceae

    R

    5386

    69

    Morus nigra L.

    T

    Thoor thooth

    Moraceae

    R

    5387

    70

    Nannorrhops ritchiana (Griff.) Aitch.

    T

    Mazaraie

    Arecaceae

    R

    5388

    71

    Nerium oleander L.

    S

    Ganderaie

    Apocynaceae

    A

    5389

    72

    Nonea pulla (L.) DC

    H

    Unknown

    Boraginaceae

    R

    5390

    73

    Olea ferruginea Royle

    T

    Shwawan

    Oleaceae

    F

    5391

    74

    Otostegia limbata (Benth.) Boiss.

    S

    Ghra Spelaghzaie

    Lamiaceae

    F

    5392

    75

    Oxalis corniculata L.

    H

    Unknown

    Oxalidaceae

    A

    5393

    76

    Peganum harmala L.

    H

    Spelanaie

    Nitrariaceae

    A

    5394

    77

    Periploca aphylla Decne.

    S

    Barara

    Apocynaceae

    F

    5395

    78

    Periploca calophylla (Wight) Falc.

    S

    Barara

    Apocynaceae

    F

    5396

    79

    Phlomis satewartii Hook. f.

    S

    Ghra podina

    Lamiaceae

    A

    5397

    80

    Phoenix dactylifera L.

    T

    Khajora

    Arecaceae

    R

    5398

    81

    Pinus roxburghii Sargent

    T

    Nakhtar

    Pinaceae

    R

    5399

    82

    Pistacia chinensis Bunge.

    T

    Ghata shana

    Anacardiaceae

    R

    5400

    83

    Pistacia vera L.

    T

    Shana

    Anacardiaceae

    R

    5401

    84

    Plantago ciliata Desf.

    H

    Aspaghol

    Plantaginaceae

    A

    5402

    85

    Plantago ovata Frossk.

    H

    Aspeghol

    Plantginaceae

    F

    5403

    86

    Polygala abyssinica R. Br. ex Fresen.

    H

    Unknown

    Polygalaceae

    A

    5404

    87

    Polygala hohenackeriana Fisch.

    H

    Unknown

    Polygalaceae

    A

    5405

    88

    Portulaca oleracea L.

    H

    Warkharaie

    Portulacaceae

    F

    5406

    89

    Prosopis cineraria (Linn.) Druce.

    T

    Dakaie

    Mimosaceae

    R

    5407

    90

    Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.

    S

    Kikraie

    Mimosaceae

    A

    5408

    91

    Prunus armeniaca L.

    T

    Khurmanaie

    Rosaceae

    R

    5409

    92

    Punica granatum L.

    T

    Anar

    Punicaceae

    R

    5410

    93

    Ranunculus arvensis L.

    H

    Zer gulaie

    Ranunculaceae

    A

    5411

    94

    Rhazya stricta Decne.

    S

    Ghanderaie

    Apocynaceae

    F

    5412

    95

    Ricinus communis L.

    S

    Arand

    Euphorbiaceae

    R

    5413

    96

    Saccharum bengalense Retz.

    H

    kana, bara

    Poaceae

    A

    5414

    97

    Saccharum spontaeum L.

    H

    Karaie

    Poaceae

    A

    5415

    98

    Salvadora oleoides Decne.

    T

    Plaman

    Salvadoraceae

    F

    5416

    99

    Salvia santolinifolia Boiss.

    H

    Aspaghol

    Lamiaceae

    A

    5417

    100

    Saussurea heteromalla (D.Don) Hand.

    H

    Kala zira

    Asteraceae

    F

    5418

    101

    Scrophularia striata Boiss.

    H

    Machala

    Scrophulariaceae

    A

    5419

    102

    Scutellaria chamaedrifolia Hedge & Paton.

    H

    Unknown

    Lamiaceae

    A

    5420

    103

    Sisymbrium irio L.

    H

    Khredan

    Brassicaceae

    A

    5421

    104

    Solanum nigrum L.

    H

    Malgebaie

    Solanaceae

    A

    5422

    105

    Solanum surattense Burm. f.

    H

    Wara maraghoniye

    Solanaceae

    A

    5423

    106

    Sophora mollis (Royle) Baker.

    S

    Zer gul botaie

    Fabaceae

    R

    5424

    107

    Tamarix aphylla (L.) Lanza.

    T

    Ghaz

    Tamaricaceae

    R

    5425

    108

    Tecomella undulate D. Don.

    T

    Wredan

    Bignoniaceae

    R

    5426

    109

    Teucrium stocksianum Boiss.

    H

    Makanbotaie

    Lamiaceae

    R

    5427

    110

    Tribulus terrestris L.

    H

    Maklindey

    Zygophylaceae

    A

    5428

    111

    Trigonella monantha C.A. Mey.

    H

    Unknown

    Fabaceae

    A

    5429

    112

    Tylophora tenerrima Wight.

    H

    Ghra balanza

    Apocynaceae

    R

    5430

    113

    Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray.

    H

    Unknown

    Fabaceae

    R

    5431

    114

    Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal.

    S

    Makhmazoora

    Solanaceae

    R

    5432

    115

    Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.

    S

    Shapianga

    Solanaceae

    R

    5433

    116

    Ziziphus jujuba Mill.

    T

    Bira

    Rhamnaceae

    R

    5434

    117

    Ziziphus numuleria (Burm.f) W& A.

    S

    Kanrknra

    Rhamnaceae

    R

    5435

     

    Key: H- Habit, P-population, T-Tree, S-Shrubs, Herbs, A-Abundant, F-Frequent, R- Rare, V.no-voucher number