Lumpy skin disease in cow showing (a): Cutaneous nodules (b): marked edema of left forelimb and Enlargement of prescapular lymph node (c): edema of brisket and sever lameness 

Cattle infected with LSD showing (a) open, ulcerated and bleeding cutaneous lesions filled with pus in the lower parts of the forelimb. The ruptured nodules created a deep-seated wound; invaded by secondary bacterial infection leading to suppuration and sloughing, lesions extending to the underlying subcuitis and muscle (b) after staring antibiotic treatment, topical antiseptics and signs of healing is clearly noticed. 

PCR amplicons (192 bp) of P32 gene LSDV. LSD1 till lane 14 were the amplified samples. Lane M was 50 bp DNA ladder and lane +v represent positive control. 

Multiple sequence alignments of the partial nucleotide sequences of P32 gene were done using BioEdit software Version7. LSDVs from Sohag, Egypt were aligned with Goat pox reference strains and representative LSDVs’ sequences retrieved from GenBank. Identical nucleotides are indicated with dots 

The sequence analysis and alignments of P32 gene of LSDV1-14/sohag/Egypt 2019 was done using BioEdit software version 7. For evolutionary analysis, corresponding sequences of other LSDV strains, SPV and GPV strains were retrieved from GenBank. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using the Neighbor-Joining method. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates). The evolutionary distances were computed using the Maximum Composite Likelihood method. 

Spatial and temporal lumpy skin diseases occurrences patterns In Egypt, Africa and globally. (A) Left figure represent the outbreak of LSD 2019 in Egypt that investigated during the current study in relation to others outbreaks occurred at African continent. (B) Maps showing chronological epizootic events in Africa and the transboundary potential spreads of LSD globally {Upper right maps, 2006 and lower right map, 2015}. Data was extracted form (OIE-WAHIS, 2021)