Genetic Parameter for Growth Performance of Saburai Goat in Tanggamus District , Lampung Province , Indonesia

| Saburai goat was local name crossbred Boer buck and Ettawa grade goat does. The main objectives of this study were to estimate heritability (h2), repeatability (r), and genetic correlation (rg) among body measurements and body weight. Survey method were used to collect data 150 progenies. Variables observed at birth, weaning and yearling were body weight (BW, WW,YW) body measurement, body height (BBH, WBH, YBH), body length (BBL, WBL, YBL), chest circumference (BCC, WCC, YCC), hip height (BHH, WHH, YHH), ear length (BEL, WEL, YEL), and ear width (BEW, WEW, YEW). The result indicated that h2 for performance at birth that was lowest were BEW (0.07±0.02) and the highest were BHH (0.14±0.05), at weaning that was lowest were WEW (0.07±0.01), the highest were WCC (0.17±0.00) and WHH (0.17±0.00), at yearling that were lowest were YEL (0.09±0,01) and YEW (0,09±0,02), the highest were YHH (0,19±0,06). Repeatability at birth that was lowest were BEL (0.10±0.02), the highest were BBH(0.16±0.01) and BHH(0.16±0.03), at weaning that was lowest were WEL (0.12±0.02) and WEW (0.12 ±0.04), the highest were WBL (0.19±0.03), at yearling that was lowest were YEW (0.14±0.03), the highest were YBH (0.22±0.09) and YBL (0.22±0.08). Genetic correlation at birth that was lowest were between BBW and BEW (0.08±0.01), the highest between BBW and BCC (0.14±0.07), rg at weaning that was lowest were between WBW and WEW(0.10±0.03), the highest were between WBW and WCC (0.21±0.08), rg at yearling that was lowest were between YBW and YEW (0.08±0.01), the highest between YBW and YBL (0.19±0.08), between YBW and YCC (0.19±0.07), between YBW and YHH (0.19±0.09). It could be concluded that body measurement can be used as selection criteria to increase body weight.


INTRODUCTION
G oats are widely spread in Lampung Province due to its function as animal importance, subsistence, economic and social livelihoods. EGG was one of some goat breed at Lampung however its growth performance were low (yearling weight not more than 40 kg). Grading up program between Boer buck and EGG goat to create goat which was high growth performance. Since the program was begun in 2002 until now the improvement of growth performance of Saburai was not high as prediction (Sulastri and Adhianto, 2016).
Saburai goat was crossbred between Boer buck and Ettawa grade goat (EGG) does. Saburai does would be crossed to Boer buck to result Saburai goat in the grading up program of Boer buck and EGG does. The grading up program was conducted to create Boer grade goat (Saburai goat). Saburai goat will be improved at Tanggamus regency, Lampung Province Indonesia as meat goat. Some Boer buck was introduced to Lampung for conducting the program. The success of introducing specialized breeds depends also on high survival rates that are essential for replacement of old stock, effectiveness of selection, reduction of costs and increased productive performance.

Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences
November 2018 | Volume 6 | Issue 11 | Page 487 In the grading up program, Saburai does should be selected before being crossed to Boer buck to obtain growth performance of Saburai grade goat which was high and over than its parents. Up to now, no selection for the Saburai does, therefore yearling weight of Saburai grade goat had not obtain more than 40 kg. Export market just received goats from Indonesia which has yearling weight more than 40 kg (Shipley and Shipley, 2005).
Weight body at certain age were important components influencing the profitability of goat and important objectives in selection strategies. Selection would be success when genetic variance of traits were medium up to high; Estimates of heritability for growth traits related to growth are needed to develop a proper selection program. Birth weight, weaning weight and yearling weight were undoubtedly the most important traits in goat production (Devendra and Burns, 1994).
Body weight at certain age associated each other due to genetic correlation in that traits. Selection in one traits would improve the other traits correlated genetically. Nevertheless, genetic correlation could predict the improvement the other traits (Falconer and Mackay, 1996). Therefore, The main objectives of this study were to estimate (heritability (h 2 ), repeatability (r), and genetic correlation (r g ) among body measurements and body weight. The information would be useful to determine criteria of selection for improvement growth traits of Saburai goats.

data ColleCtion and StatiStiCal analySiS
The study was conducted from January to August 2017. Recording of Saburai growth traits raised at the Saburai Goat Breeding Village Centre at Dadapan village, Sumberrejo subdistrict, Tanggamus regency(5.3027° S, 104.5655° E), Lampung province were used as materials in this research. Survey method were conducted to collect data of growth traits obtained from recording of growth traits. The growth traits observed were body weight and body measurements. Data of body weight included in this research were birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW). Data of body measurements observed consisted of body length (BL), body height (BH), chest depth (CD), chest width (CW), hip height (HH), ear length (EL), ear width (EW) at birth (B), weaning (W), yearling (Y). Recording for growth traits and body measurements of 150 progeny of 9 bucks were collected to estimate heritability value and genetic parameters by one way lay out method.

analySiS data
Correcting Data: Data of BW were corrected on sex of individuals, WW on sex, age of dam, and weaning time (days), YW on sex and weaning. The formulas to correct data of BW, WW, and YW as follows (Sulastri, 2014

heritability eStimation
Data corrected had been analyzed to estimate heritability parameter by analyses for variance of one way lay out method. Mathematic model of the analysis as recommended by Becker (1992),

repeatability eStimation
Data corrected had been analysed repeatability by intraclass correlation methof recommended by Becker (1992). The mathematic model were Y km= µ+α k +e km (µ is the common mean, αk is the effect of the k-th individual and ekm is the environmental deviation of m-th measurement within an individual. All effects are random, normal, and independent with expactations equal to zero in Table 2. Repeatability was estimated by formula as follows: Standard error of R is the square root of sampling variance of the intraclass correlation, R as recommended by Becker (1992): The formula of sum of square (SS) were :  If the number of measurements per doe were anequal, k 1 was computed by formula as follows:

GenetiC Correlation
Data corrected had been analyzed to estimate genetic correlation by analyses of covariance of one way lay out method parameter . Mathematic model of the analysis as recommended by Becker (1992) Table 3.
The formula of genetic correlation (r G ) were:

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
from the results of the study found that the genetic parameters will increase, in accordance with the development of age heritability for Growth traitS Result of this research indicated that heritability growth traits at birth, weaning, and yearling were mediumup to high except EL 0 , EW 0 and EL 12 that were low. Heritability EL 3 , EW 3 , and EW 12 were medium (Table 1) . Heritability were classified low and medium when thevalue 0,00 up to 0,10 and>0,10 up to 0,20, respectively (Hardjosubroto, 1994). Ear length and ear width were not effective to be improved by selection however important as qualitative character of breed. One character of Saburai were ear length and ear width from EGG although not as high as EGG.
Heritability of growth traits at birth were medium however not more than that at weaning and yearling. Variance of genetic for growth trait at birth were low due to selection process internally began fertilization, growth process as foetus up to be born as kid. Besides that, selection to improve growth traits at birth implicated to dystocia. Heritability of growth traits at birth generally low (Hardjosubroto, 1994) due to the traits were determined not only by genetic potential but also by maternal and environmental factors (Mandal et al., 2006).

repeatability for Growth traitS
Repeatability for growth traits were medium up to high except EW 0 (0,10±0,03) that was low, that indicated most of variance of phenotypic for those traits due to variance of genetic and variance of permanent environment. This research was similar with the other research, Repeatability for birth weight and weaning weights of Teddy goat were 0.2089 ± 0.0315 and 0.1381 ± 0.0315, respectively. The moderate estimates indicate that selection on the basis of first record will be effective to improve birth weight. But the low estimates for weaning weight indicate that selection should be based on multiple records (Tahir et al., 1994).

GenetiC Correlation
Result of this research indicated that genetic correlation between BW 0 and body measurements at birth, between, BW 3 and body measurements at weaning, between BW 12 and body measurements at yearling, among BW 0 , BW 3 , and BW 12 were positive and ranges medium up to high, except between BW 0 and EL 0 (0.10±0.00), BW 0 and EW 0 (0.09±0.00). That result mean that selection to improve BW could be done using body measurements as criteria of selection. Besides that, selection to improve BW 12 could be done using BW 0 and BW 3 as criteria of selection.
In crossbred (F1) between Boer and local Indonesian goat, the genetic correlation value between weaning weight and body length was 0.81 ± 0.4 (high positive), weaning weight and chest girth was 0.47 ± 0.77 (moderate positive) and weaning weight and wither height was 0.14 ± 0.55 (low positive). It was concluded that weaning weight has strong genetic relation with body length, which means that selection based on body length would give correlated response to weaning weight (Rosahastuti, 2008).

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, improvement for growth traits of Saburai goats was properly conducted by mass selection and body measurement could be used as criteria for selection to improve body weight.